Death Mask of Napoleon

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Death Mask of Napoleon
Death Mask of Napoleon
Artist/Maker (Italian, 1780 - 1838)
Datemodeled 1821, cast 1833
MediumBronze
DimensionsOverall: 13 1/2 × 6 1/2 × 7 1/4 in. (34.3 × 16.5 × 18.4 cm)
Credit LineCollection of Emerson Gallery, Hamilton College
Object numberINV.417
On view
DescriptionIn the nineteenth century it was customary to preserve the likeness of famous and powerful individuals by creating death masks. These objects were generally made by wrapping plaster around the head of a person who was recently deceased. The original death mask, or “parent mold,” of Napoleon Bonaparte was taken a day and a half after his death on May 5, 1821. The emperor passed away on the island of St. Helena where he had been exiled for life following the Battle of Waterloo. He was surrounded by medical professionals when he died, including the English doctor Francis Burton and anatomist Francesco Antommarchi. Dr. Burton is credited with the creation of the primary death mask and was also responsible for performing Napoleon’s autopsy. After Napoleon’s death, a series of “first generation” copies were made of Burton’s original mask. However, following Burton’s death in 1832, Dr. Antommarchi obtained a plaster mold from the original cast and began to produce his own copies in both bronze and plaster. This bronze copy by Antommarchi only shows the front of the head, which is encircled in a golden laurel wreath, and ends at the suggestion of ears.

Additional Details

Exhibition History 2012
Clinton, NY. Ruth and Elmer Wellin Museum of Art, Hamilton College. "Archive Hall: Art and Artifacts," October 6, 2012 - August 2015 (no catalog).
Markings Seal cast separately and welded under neck showing profile of napoleaon crowned with a laurel wreath: * NAPOLEON EMP. ET ROI */ [imperial profile] / SOUSCRIPTION/ DR. ANTOMMARCHI 1833; two holes drilled at base of neck
Signature Stamped signature on neck at lower left: D.F. ANTOMMARCHI; foundry name stamped on right neck: FONDU / PAR L. RICHARD ET QUESNAL / A PARIS
Postcard of a plaster death mask of Napoleon held in the collection of Musee Carnavalet, Histoire de Paris
G. Bouchetal
Date: 1910-1920
Medium: Photographic postcard
Object number: S2018.2.1106
Postcard of casts of Napoleon's head and hand, by Dr. Antomarchi
J. Hauser
Date: 1908-1914
Medium: Photographic postcard
Object number: S2018.2.1107
61 - Musee Carnavalet - Masque mortuaire du Duc de Reichstadt
G. Bouchetal
Date: 1910-1920
Medium: Photographic postcard
Object number: S2018.2.1105
Napoleon's 1812 Invasion of Russia
Charles Constantine Hoffbauer
Date: 1935-1938
Medium: Watercolor collage
Object number: INV.804
Photograph by John Bentham.
Unknown artist, Greek (Ancient)
Date: c. 332-250 BCE
Medium: Terracotta with remnants of pigment
Object number: 1943.20
Photography by David Revette.
Eugène Atget
Date: c. 1910, printed later
Medium: Gelatin silver print
Object number: 1982.11
Photograph by Dave Revette.
Vassili Yacovlevitch Grachev
Date: c. 1893-1904 CE
Medium: Bronze
Object number: 1994.74
Photograph by John Bentham
Gaspard Duchange
Date: c. 1700
Medium: Engraving
Object number: 1995.59
Photograph by John Bentham.
John Faber Jr.
Date: 1737
Medium: Mezzotint
Object number: 1995.57
Photograph by Dave Revette.
Date: c. 350-600 CE
Medium: Terracotta with remnants of pigment
Object number: 2002.16
Jug
Date: c. 6th-7th century CE
Medium: Mold-blown glass
Object number: 1929.76